Pressure retarded osmosis: Advancement, challenges and potential

An excessive amount of renewable energy could be possibly produced when solutions dissimilar salinities are combined simultaneously in a semipermeable membrane. The aforestated harnessing for transformation into power achieved through the pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process. PRO system utilizes membrane separating low concentration solution from pressurized-high concentrated solution. This work examines recent developments and applications process potential that conceivably harvested salinity gradient resources single-stage multi-stage processes. One existing challenges this is finding commercial combines characteristics forward (for reducing phenomenon polarization) reverse (to withstand high hydraulic pressure). For addressing challenge, details about membranes innovative laboratory fabricated introduced. presented by elucidating resources, Pretreatment, design, PRO-desalination systems, dual-stage (DSPRO). It anticipated paper can assist widely understanding thus deliver important data activating additional research development.